Instead, the verse advices a man to leave the house and withhold the alimony for a brief period of time, guided by the hope that the woman will change her attitude and behavior. This is the true essence of Islam as Prophet Mohammad propagated it. 6-6 Train the orphans to manage their properties. They enter the phase of Shéghagh, separation. The punishment of usurping the property of the orphans. Surah Nisa English Translation . Huuban comes from hawba. However, quite to the contrary, this verse, and those verses adjacent to it, touch upon the topic of Nàfàgheh, which is aimed at the protection of women’s rights. Be aware of your Rabb! Imam Raghib says everything that is forbidden intensely and If you do it than you deserve to be scolded. 1.4. There are a number of stories in the Quran that illustrate a harmonious and respectful relationship between a man and a woman, and emphasize the leadership role of women, in- and outside of the house. In the first step the judge(s) advise(s) the men on how to deal with the situation, then in the second step the couple is encouraged to reconciliate. Surah Nisa is also said to benefit the one who recites it. There are three main themes of this Surah: Establishment of the new Islamic social order after removing the pre-Islamic Jahili system. Surat An-Nisā' (The Women) - سورة النساء Surah 4. The following is a translation of two particular verses (34 and 35) of the Surah An-Nisa’ (Surah 4) as it can be found on an open to the public website: (34) Men are in charge of women by [right of] what Allah has given one over the other and what they spend [for maintenance] from their wealth. Revealed At: MADINA. This part emphasizes that the white bearded sheikhs and old wise personalities of the community carry the responsibility to mediate between a couple that is caught in a fight. Based on this, we can differentiate between three types of laws that existed during Mohammad’s lifetime: 1. amdahi: these were the laws that had preexisted the time of Mohammad and that were signed and sealed by him, thereby legitimizing the continuation of their application. According to the concept of nàfàgheh, it is a husband’s task to provide for his wife. We will do this by examining the Surah of the Women, the Surah An-Nisa’, within the cultural climate and context during the days of the Prophet Mohammed. In those days, adultery was a difficult case to deal with as it meant for a betrayed partner or family to lose their face in society. Surah Al Hujurat (in Arabic text: الحجرات) is the 49th chapter of the Qur’an with 18 ayats. 4. Three years before the death of Mohammad, he converted from Judaism to Islam. 1.1. History & Period of Revelation: Chapter An-Nisa may appear theoretically to be the 4 th Surah of Quran, but it was approximately the 100 th Surah according to the classification of Surah based on the Islamic traditions.. For reference, please see Robinson Neal’s “Discovering the Quran: A contemporary Approach to a Veiled Text” London: SCM Press LTD. 1966 Print 77. Women became more resistant to the oppression that had pervaded society. Indeed, the Quran does not give any right to men to behave aggressively or erratically towards women in or outside the house. Judges and mediators sought Mohammed’s advice on how to deal with domestic disputes and quarrels that occurred within a family or tribe. Although tàlâgh is not mentioned, fundamentalists frequently misuse the verse in order to justify the divorce of a wife who is deemed as having been disobedient. Author: Urdu Translation: Maulana Mehmood-ul-Hassan - Tafsir Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani. Based on erroneous translations as mentioned above, this verse is frequently used by men in order to justify the oppression of women. The name, as usual, is symbo... Introduction It is a Meccan Surah which is revealed before Surah Al An’am. This case of resistance is also referred to as Noshouz. Rather than deeming the Queen of Sabah as an enemy, King Salomon invited her to Jerusalem and welcomed her with a big fanfare, showing his respect and his veneration of her. Offering you Holy Quran Translation and Quran Transliteration in English and several other languages, Quran recitation has never been easier. Surah 4. Instead, he must pay the children’s and mother’s daily alimony. Through this, a social contract between the couple was established, which prevented men to simply abandon a woman as it pleased them. While this sentence might at first glance seem rather harsh, it is important to note that it advises men to leave the house and take distance from the home. The Surah of the Women and the emergence of a family unit during the Time of Ignorance (Jahiliyyah). How was divergence from the original meaning able to occur? Yet, a new angle on this verse is that it was intended to advise the judges and the arbitrators of that time, who were confronted with the task to resolve the quarrels within a family and tribe. Copyright © 2006-2016 Seyed Mostafa Azmayesh, All Rights Reserved |, قَانِتَاتُ حَافِظَاتُ لُِلْغَيْبِ بِمَا حَفِظَ اللَّهُ, وَ اللَّا تيِ تَخَافُونَ نُشُوزَهُنَّ, Science & Spirituality – Creation and Human History According to Sacred Scriptures. Yet, another expression would be zarbul masal (ضربُ المثل) which means to give an example. This tribal structure and hierarchy was the norm during Mohammed’s lifetime and constituted the frame for what is considered a family today. This distinction is important and leads us back to our discussion of the Surah An-Nisa’. The verse states: When you are confronted with the familial problems of Noshouz act towards them according to the following three steps: 1. advise them (فَعِظُوهُنّ) this form of the verb is derived from the root of the Arabic word mowezeh (موعظه engl: advise) and simply refers to advising women on how to deal with and cope with the situation at home. In fact, what a woman earns she can keep for herself, while what a man earns he has to share with his wife and family. As such, the financial support of the family lies on the shoulders of men who are prohibited from withholding the wife’s daily alimony, even if she is wealthy and receives a high salary. The Surah An-Nisa’ and the case of Noshouz. Ayesha Ra said Surah An-Nisa was revealed after she… Weak people of society are mentioned in this Surah. Regarding Transliteration of this Surah. It is the longest of all Meccan Surahs with 206 verses. As was mentioned, the word for separation that is used in this verse is shéghagh (not talagh = divorce). However, credible and reliable resources about Islam are scarce. Upon closer examination and a more differentiated translation of each word, we can see that the verse distinguishes two types of women: There are the a) salehat (= righteous women, فَاصَّالِحَاتُ), ghanetat (= praying women, قَانِتَاتُ), and hafezat lel-gayb bimâ hàfida Allah (= women who keep protected the unseen (values) because Allah keeps them unseen and invisible, قَانِتَاتُ حَافِظَاتُ لُِلْغَيْبِ بِمَا حَفِظَ اللَّهُ). Together they sit down in order to fix an alimony for the wife which is to be paid by the husband during the period of separation until the woman remarries. The aim and the guidance of the Quran is to apply kindness, not disrespect, even when the couple finds itself in a state of dislike and absence of love. Ther is no surah called Rijal (men). The historical context during which the Surah An-Nisa came into being. During the phase of Shéghagh, two mediators from each side of the couple are appointed by the court. On the other side, there are the societies of the industrialized nations whose baffled citizens are trying to make sense of the warfare in the Middle East and the acts of terrorism that have at last reached Europe´s front yard. Its contents invite to Faith, justice, taking examples from the nations of the past, breaking the ties of friendship with the enemies of Allah, and supporting the orphans. Once the children have reached the age of 8 years, they move to their father, and from this moment on, the divorced wife receives the alimony for herself only. In old Arabic they would say “Inna le houbatunawalu ha” which means I have dependence upon myself first. Of course, when a man and woman, a husband and wife, love and like each other, there should be no room for problems. Dr. Azmayesh stresses, that time has come to introduce people to the essence of Islam which encourages people to do good deeds, and love, respect and value all human beings no matter what their race, religious or spiritual affiliation, or gender. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Acquainted (with all things). In line with this, verse 19 of the Surah An-Nisa’ states that: O you who have believed (the companions of Prophet Muhammad), it is not lawful for you to inherit women by compulsion. O mankind! Instead of “righteous women, who are devoutly obedient to men”, the verse conveys an image of women who are wise and who are the protectors of values. Frequently, this sentence is put out of context and misused by men and women alike in order to justify a patriarchal society and the active oppression of women. 5-5 Do not trust property to feebleminded people. Who created you from a single soul, And created from it its mate, And from the two of them spread out … As such, zarb means to apply, fàzrebou refers to apply! Interview with Dr. Seyed Azmayesh by the International Organization to Preserve Human Rights (IOPHR). Laws and rules mentioned in the Quran were the initiation of this attempt which is continuing to unfold. Offering you Holy Quran Translation and Quran Transliteration in English and several other languages, Quran recitation has never been easier. While some adherents of those groups are simply driven by their own biases, prejudices and fears, causing them to reject anything that is different from their own culture and belief system, there is, indeed, a great number of European citizens who are genuinely trying to understand Islam and its belief system. (35) And if you fear dissension between the couple, select an arbitrator from his people and an arbitrator from her people. This Surah contains many lessons for Muslims to live by. Indeed, the language of the Quran is complex as it does not simply consist of one language (Arabic). Surah al-Nisa' This is a Madani Surah revealed to the Prophet -peace be upon him- between the years 3 and 5 of Hijrah. SURAH NISA KEY VERSES: The Surah of the Bees (Surah 16) and the Surah of the Ants (Surah 27) both focus on the female´s leadership role who in both Surahs leads the tribe and overlooks the growth of the hive or stock. The construct “family”, as we know it today, did not exist. 2. These are good examples of how women should be treated and the responsibilities and leadership roles that women should take on in society. It is important to emphasize that the you directly addresses the wise elders and authorities of the community. It is the longest of all Meccan Surahs with 206 verses. Surah An-Nisa (The Women) No.4 (177 verses) This Surah, which contains 177 verses, was revealed in Medina. In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. Surah An-Nisa', Verse 26 Respect of rights of property and life -Woman has as much right over her property as man -Similarly in the matter of inheritance. Indeed, the Surah An-Nisa’ has been at the core of many controversial debates and its false interpretation has contributed to an image of Islam as a religion of hate and intolerance. Unfortunately, the attempt to understand the current situation`s complexity is frequently colored by fear-driven biases and stereotypes. 1.7. The Occident and its attempt to try to understand Islam. It does not address the husbands who are in opposition to their wife. Answers to the oppositions of Mushrik Arabs as well as neighboring Jews and Christians. The surah was sent by Allah to eradicate the earlier practices of paganism. (For Adam being the progenitor of mankind see Towards Understanding the Qur'an, (Surah 2, verses 31 f.) and (Surah al-A'raf: 11), etc. The Surah does not give any man the right to abuse, harass or discriminate against any woman. It is particularly this last part of the verse that has been at the core of much controversy and discussion. Both have to be kind to each other and control their ego from applying any physical force or verbal offensiveness. SURAH NISA MAIN TOPICS: Permission of four marriages, Orphans care, Commandments regarding Inheritance, Immorality Punishment, Lawful Women for Marriage, Mention of Men’s superiority over Women, Intoxication & Prayer, Obey God, Prophet And Your Rulers, Blood Money, Instructions regarding Witnesses, characteristics of Hypocrites, crucifixion of Jesus. It is in the fourth chapter of the Quran, with 176 verses, 24 rukus, and 4-5 juz. Section 5: Woman's rights over her property | An Enlightening Commentary into the Light of the Holy Qur'an vol. 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