However, the current modal split between the public transport and private transport is 15 : 85. The factor was retained only if it had an eigenvalue, that is, the amount of variance accounted for a factor, which is greater than 1.0. Pollution and Emission: Public transport keeps the weather clean as a bus is shared by many people together so less fuel smoke in air and less pollution. Meanwhile, there are eight items under physical environment factor which are facility and vehicle cleanliness, vehicle safety, safety at terminals and stops, vehicle stability, conditions at terminals and stops, and onboard information provision. Anderson and Garbing [42] proposed a two-step approach (measurement and structural models) that has several advantages which are directly related to the structural model. In addition to our proposed model, there are other alternative models that will be derived. In order to understand travelers’ willingness to use the public transport, a conceptual model has been developed to determine the factors that affect them to use the public transport instead of travelling in their own cars. Greater Kuala Lumpur/ Klang Valley Land Public Transport Master Plan: Bus Transformation Plan. The result of the analysis of the complete structural model towards public transport use is shown in Figure 2. This research concentrates on bus service because it is the primary public transport mode in Penang, Malaysia. The MRT is a newly developed rapid transit that span from Sungai Buloh to Kajang. This explains that the increasing service quality of public transport will increase the positive attitudes toward behavior intention to use public transport. To increase the usage of the public transport, both the operators and the authorities need to understand how consumers evaluate the quality of services provided [21]. Himanen et al. Part C: information based on the conceptual model. More research in future should be conducted to find out the effect of attributes related to financial disincentives such as toll pricing congestion or cordon charging to encourage people to use the public transport in Putrajaya. The results have shown that most goodness-of-fit indices are within acceptable levels (/degree of freedom = 496.84/191 = 2.60, RMSEA = 0.074, NFI = 0.90, TLI = 0.92, CFI = 0.93, GFI = 0.87, and AGFI = 0.85). These findings can provide useful information for the public transport providers in the efforts to prioritize the important service attributes and ensure that the service quality is able to meet consumer expectations. They have also practiced wearing protective masks when out in public, frequent hand-washing, and avoiding mass gatherings. Urban Transport in the Developing World: A Handbook of Policy and Practice. In this study, we had used a stratified sampling method in the approach to obtain a sample of respondents. The average variance extracted (AVE) for each construct should exceed 0.50. A public transport hub is a place where the passengers are exchange between vehicles or transport modes. Road Transport Department, “Vehicle and driver statistics,” from Road Transport Department Malaysia, 2013, D. A. Hensher, P. Stopher, and P. Bullock, “Service quality developing a service quality index in the provision of commercial bus contracts,”, T. B. Joewono and H. Kubota, “User satisfaction with paratransit in competition with motorization in Indonesia: anticipation of future implications,”, W. T. Lai and C. F. Chen, “Behavioral intentions of public transit passengers—the roles of service quality, perceived value, satisfaction and involvement,”, Transportation Research Board (TRB), “A handbook for measuring customer satisfaction and service quality,”, J. Garvill, “Choice of transportation mode: factors influencing drivers willingness to reduce personal car use and support car regulations,” in, V. Himanen, P. Nijkamp, and J. Padjen, “Environmental quality and transport policy in Europe,”, R. Kamaruddin, I. Osman, and C. A. Che Pei, “Customer expectations and its relationship towards public transport in Klang Valley,”, L. Steg and C. Vlek, “The role of problem awareness in willingness-to-change car use and in evaluating relevant policy measures,” in, I. Ajzen, “From intentions to actions: a theory of planned behavior,” in, I. Ajzen, “The theory of planned behavior,”, N. G. M. Nor, A. R. M. Nor, and A. According to Finstad [39], the 7-point Likert scale provides a more accurate measure of a participant’s true evaluation and it is more appropriate for electronically distributed and otherwise unsupervised usability questionnaires. During the development of the structural equation model (SEM) in this study, we have followed two methods (measurement and structural models) proposed and recommended by Anderson and Garbing [42] and Hair et al. Transportation in Malaysia by public transport: Due to the cost of buying and also the high cost of car maintenance in Malaysia almost 80% of students prefer to use public transport. Anyone can get infected and spread the disease to others. Sara Kaffashi 1 *, Mad Nasir Shamsudin 1, Maynard S. Clark 2, Shaufique Fahmi Sidique 3 and Alias Radam 4. Consequently the public transport modal split is predicted to decline from 15% to 10% by 2030 (Low Carbon Society Blueprint for Iskandar Malaysia 2025, 2013). In the present study, the service quality attributes are mainly adapted from Lai and Chen [10] and amended according to the specific service characteristics of the Putrajaya Public Transport System. Center for Community Co-design, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Japan, School of Engineering & Information Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sustainable Urban Transport Research Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Local bus, bus policy, local city, rural area, Malaysia, Japan, Vol. A. O. K. Rahmat, A. Ismail, and N. Mohd, “Effect of bus travel time and parking fees on the use of public transport in Putrajaya,”, M. A. R. Nor and M. N. G. Nor, “Empowering public transport for urban environmental management,”, A. Parasuraman, “Technology readiness index (TRI): a multiple-item scale to measure readiness to embrace new technologies,”, J. M. Olson and M. P. Zanna, “Attitudes and attitude change,”, S. Fujii and R. Kitamura, “What does a one-month free bus ticket do to habitual drivers?”, R. B. Kline, “Software programs for structural equation modeling: AMOS, EQS, and LISREL,”, A. Boomsma and J. J. Hoogland, “The robustness of LISREL modeling revisited,” in, R. Weston and P. A. Gore, “A brief guide to structural equation modeling,”, O. Simsekoglu and T. Lajunen, “Social psychology of seat belt use: a comparison of theory of planned behavior and health belief model,”, M. A. Elliot, “Predicting motorcyclists’ intentions to speed: effects of selected cognitions from the theory of planned behaviour, self-identity and social identity,”, C. D. Chen, Y. W. Fan, and C. K. Farn, “Predicting electronic toll collection service adoption: an integration of the technology acceptance model and the theory of planned behavior,”, J. N. Githui, T. Okamura, and F. Nakamura, “The structure of users' satisfaction on urban public transport service in developing country: the case of Nairobi,”, A. Tangphaisankun, F. Nakamura, and T. Okamura, “Influences of paratransit as a feeder of mass transit system in developing countries based on commuter satisfaction,”, H. Best and M. Lanzendorf, “Division of labour and gender differences in metropolitan car use. 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