The majority lived and worked on tobacco plantations, although some were “industrial slaves” working at iron forges and others were hired out to work in gristmills and other industries. Plantations were established by riverbanks for the good soil and to ensure ease of transportation. What forces transformed the institution of slavery the early seventeenth century to the nineteenth century? Over the next 160 years, tobacco production spread from the Tidewater area to the Blue Ridge Mountains, especially dominating the agriculture of the Chesapeake region. The inlets, creeks, coves, and river mouths allowed for ships to come directly to plantation wharfs to trade English goods for tobacco (or corn, another widely-grown crop in Maryland). The abundance of tobacco plantations in Maryland resulted in a lack of towns. In colonial times, tobacco was the mainstay of the economies of Maryland and Virginia. The soil was beginning to become overused because of the intensity of tobacco growing in the Chesapeake, and many plantation owners decided to sell their slaves to Southern cotton plantation owners. Throughout the 17th century, tobacco plantations spread along natural ... they toiled anonymously on tobacco plantations. Colonial Expansion in the Chesapeake Spurred by tobacco profits, ships loaded with supplies and new immigrants continued to replenish the settlement, and the colony grew rapidly. Demand for slave labor rises sharply with the growth of sugar plantations in the Caribbean and tobacco plantations in the Chesapeake region of North America. Compare and contrast the experience of slaves on tobacco plantations in the early seventeenth-century Chesapeake region with that of slaves on nineteenth-century cotton plantations in the Deep South. In 1634, the new Colony of Maryland was established. Due to the geography of the Chesapeake Bay, there was no need for ports and roads. Plantations were often located along the Chesapeake’s rivers, where soil quality was better and tobacco could be transported via local waterways. Many of the workers at tobacco plantations were slaves or indentured servants from Africa. Cotton slavery was a lucrative industry. Chesapeake society and economy. Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglass and his first wife were enslaved in the watershed region, and it includes many battlegrounds of the Civil War, as well as places of notable activism in the 1960s Civil Rights Movement. The first Africans in English America are brought to the Jamestown Colony in Virginia. In the nineteenth century, the institution of slavery peaked economically and politically. Major tobacco plantations were located there, as were many stops on the Underground Railroad. Main Article Primary Sources (1) William Box Brown, Narrative of the Life of Henry Box Brown (1851) My father and mother were left on the plantation; but I was taken to the city of Richmond, to work in a tobacco manufactory, owned by my old master's son William, who had received a special charge from his father to take good care of me, and which charge my new master endeavoured to perform. As the English increasingly used tobacco products, tobacco in the American colonies became a significant economic force, especially in the tidewater region surrounding the Chesapeake Bay. (They had been carried on a Portuguese slave ship sailing from Angola to Veracruz, Mexico. Tobacco was the mainstay of the Virginia and Maryland economies. What isn’t known about the 400-year history of African Americans and the Chesapeake region could fill the Bay itself to overflowing. Compare and contrast the experience of slaves on tobacco plantations in the early seventeenth-century Chesapeake region with that of slaves on nineteenth-century cotton plantations in the Deep South. August 1619. By the mid-18th century, most enslaved people were African Americans, native-born in the Chesapeake region. Vast plantations were built along the rivers of Virginia, and social/economic systems developed to grow and distribute this cash crop. Because wealthy planters built their own wharves on the Chesapeake to ship their crop to England, town development was slow. Beginning in 1619 the General Assembly put in place requirements for the inspection of tobacco … Chesapeake Consignment System. Tobacco plantations. Century, most enslaved people were African Americans and the Chesapeake region fill. Economically and politically and Virginia from Angola to Veracruz, Mexico Veracruz, Mexico better and tobacco could be via... 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